Dementia Essays - Cognitive Disorders, Dementia, Free Essays

Dementia Essays - Cognitive Disorders, Dementia, Free Essays Dementia What is Dementia? Dementia is a natural cerebrum disorder which brings about worldwide psychological disabilities. Dementia can happen because of an assortment of neurological ailments. A portion of the more notable twisting sicknesses incorporate Alzheimer's ailment (AD), multi-infarct dementia (MID), and Huntington's malady (HD). All through this article the accentuation will be put on AD (otherwise called dementia of the Alzheimer's sort, and essential degenerative dementia), in light of the fact that measurably it is the most critical twisting infection happening in over half of maniacal patients (see the study of disease transmission). The clinical picture in dementia is fundamentally the same as ridiculousness, with the exception of the course. Incoherence is an intense short lived issue. By differentiate Dementia is a drawn out dynamic issue (except for the reversible dementias). The course of AD can go somewhere in the range of 1.5 to 15 years with a normal of about 8.1 years (Terry , 1988). Advertisement is typically separated into three phases gentle, moderate, and extreme. All through these stages a particular grouping of psychological disintegration is watched (Lezak, 1993). The mellow stage starts with memory, consideration, speed subordinate exercises, and conceptual thinking brokenness. Additionally mellow language disabilities start to surface. In the moderate stage, language deficiencies, for example, aphasia and apraxia become noticeable. Dysfluency, paraphasias, and bizzare word blends are basic midstage discourse abandons. In the serious stage the patient is step by step diminished to a vegetative st ate. Discourse becomes nonfluent, tedious, and to a great extent non-open. Sound-related cognizance is exceedingly restricted, with numerous patients showing incomplete or complete mutism. Late over the span of the malady numerous neuropsychological capacities can never again be estimated. Additionally crude reflexes, for example, handle and suck rise. Demise generally results from a malady, for example, pneumonia which overpowers the constrained vegetative elements of the patient. Dementia is usually separated along two measurements: age and cortical level. The principal measurement, age, recognizes feeble and presenile dementia. Feeble dementia is utilized to portray patients who become unbalanced after the age of 65, though presenile dementia applies to patients who become unhinged before that age. Late beginning AD (LOAD) otherwise called feeble dementia Alzheimer's sort (SDAT) is the prevalent reason for decrepit dementia. Beginning stage AD (EOAD) is the most successive reason for presenile dementia, however HD, Pick's sickness and Creutzfeldt-Jakob malady however not as continuous are likewise significant causes in presenile dementia. The subsequent measurement, cortical level, separates among cortical and subcortical dementia. Cortical dementia is utilized to depict dementia which results from mind sores at the cortical level, though subcortical dementia portrays dementia coming about because of subcortical cerebrum injuries. Promotion and Pick's illness are the most popular instances of cortical dementia; while HD, Parkinson's infection (PD), and dynamic supranuclear paralysis (PSP) are genuine instances of subcortical dementia (Mayke, 1994). Dementia with both cortical and subcortical highlights is additionally conceivable, all things considered the term blended dementia is utilized. MID is a typical case of blended dementia. Recorded improvements in dementia Pre-Modern Developments The utilization of the term dementia goes back to Roman occasions. The Latin word demens didn't initially have the particular implication that it does today. It signified 'being crazy' and, in that capacity, was a general term for craziness (Pitt, 1987). It was the encylopedist Celsus who first utilized the word dementia in quite a while De re medicina, distributed around AD 30. After a century the Cappadocian doctor Aretaeus first portrayed feeble dementia with the word dotage (i.e., The dotage which is the catastrophe of old age...dotage beginning with mature age never intermits, however goes with the patient until death.). Inquisitively, dementia was referenced in many frameworks of mental order all through pre-present day times, however the exact significance of the word is regularly muddled (Pitt, 1987). Nineteenth Century It very well may be contended that the birthplaces of the logical investigation of dementia go back to the mid nineteenth century. The underlying advances were embraced by the incomparable French therapist Pinel toward the start of that century. Pinel's perceptions drove him to the end that the term dementia ought to be applied according to the dynamic mental changes found in certain blockheads (Pitt,3). Besides, Pinel believed that dementia was an unmistakable irregular element, and hence he utilized the term dementia to assign one of the five classes of mental unhinging. Nonetheless, by applying the term dementia

Case Study Of Child Abuse Counselling

So as to mastermind beginning gatherings with the customers certain means must be thought of:- The assortment and the capacity of the information ought to follow the set up enactment of protection and classification. Prior to the assortment of the data, assents ought to be taken from the customers and they ought to be educated about the explanations behind the meetings (Mealer and Jones, 2014). As per the Privacy Act, an individual’s assent is required before gathering any data (Privacy law| Office of the Australian Information Commissioner - OAIC, 2018).  All the stars and the cons of the meeting and the explanation for the conduction of the meeting ought to be educated off. One of the moral problems that can emerge is that all the data will be acquired without telling the McLeod’s anything. Henceforth a customer may discover that person getting into their own issue. Henceforth, the neighbors ought to likewise be educated about the standards about youngster misuse and the outcomes and the secrecy of the respondants must be kept up. Divulgence of any wellspring s of data to the McLeod’s with respect to their neighbor’s is carefully disallowed according to the law. Questions that may include double dealing and abnormal mental anxieties ought to be maintained a strategic distance from (Mealer and Jones, 2014). Goldman, J. D., and Grimbeek, P. (2015). Preservice teachers’ wellsprings of data on obligatory detailing of youngster sexual abuse. Journal of kid sexual abuse,â 24(3), 238-258. Graycar, R. (2012). Family law change in Australia, or solidified chooks returned to again?. Theoretical Inquiries in Law,â 13(1), 241-269. Mealer, M., and Jones, J. (2014). Methodological and moral issues identified with subjective phone meets on delicate topics. Nurse Researcher (2014+),â 21(4), 32. Parkinson, P. (2013). The possibility of family relationship focuses in Australia. Family Court Review,â 51(2), 195-213. Protection law| Office of the Australian Information Commissioner - OAIC. (2018). Oaic.gov.au.     Retrieved 11 February 2018, from https://www.oaic.gov.au/security law/ Rogers, An., and Pilgrim, D. (2014). A humanism of psychological wellness and sickness. McGraw-Hill Education (UK).

5 Useful Money Making Tips You Should Know

5 Useful Money Making Tips You Should Know Make Money Online Queries? Struggling To Get Traffic To Your Blog? Sign Up On (HBB) Forum Now!5 Useful Money Making Tips You Should KnowUpdated On 23/04/2017Author : Crystal J. BriscoeTopic : FeaturedShort URL : http://hbb.me/2ozcFyC CONNECT WITH HBB ON SOCIAL MEDIA Follow @HellBoundBlogSome people think that making money online is a simple task as you are offered with loads of opportunities on the internet. However, this is not true. Making online money is not a casual task till you do a thorough research and analysis of the money making tips and take your work very seriously.There are lots of ways like online games, pay per click advertising, paid surveys, personalized products, internet auction, Forex trading and multi-level marketing through which you can make money.You can select your time according to your convenience to make online money, be it day or night. Moreover, these legitimate ways of making money will also save you from the “Easy Schemes for Getting Rich” or mak ing online money scams and frauds who make false promises.Here are some tips which would help you in earning good money online:1. Be productiveThe most important tip is to be serious in whatever online work or business you do. This is because productivity is the means to profit. Working online and making money is no fun and needs total dedication and commitment.Rather, if you really serious about earning money online then promise yourself that work is no fun. This does not mean that you do not enjoy the work you do but the point is whatever online work you do, you should take it seriously and give your time and dedication.2. Online storeWith a few hundred dollars, you can start an online store. The easy technology allows you to set up an online e-commerce business. This is one of the many money making tips through which lots of people have earned good money and made a comfortable living. You got lots of free open source shopping charts to implement.All this business needs is hard wo rk, determination and certainly a fine business plan and ideas. Once you get adapted to this online business culture, you can set up several other similar online stores which sell services and products.3. Start your own websiteStarting your own website is the best ways for making money online. When you are using the internet, you are dealing with websites. Apart from searching for the information or idea, you may also post your money making tips.READ5 Things To Follow To Be A Good Guest BloggerYou can earn money by advertising, selling and promoting your own services or products or do affiliate marketing without paying anything.Your customers will also have more faith as they find it easy to contact you through your own website. So, this method is an easy and inexpensive way of making money online. There are lots of service providers through which you can get a safe and secured domain for creating your own website.4. Make your website a successSEO or Search Engine Optimization plays a major role in making your created website a success. Unless you optimize your website, you will not be able to make good money as your website will not get good traffic.Hence follow SEO tips through which you can easily and successfully optimize your website and makes it prominent in the firs page of major search engines. Getting inbound links, social bookmarking, article directory submission and website directory submissions are some of the useful SEO tips which would help in generating traffic to your website.You may search for various SEO tools on the internet which would help you to discover the important keywords in your webpage.5. Become a Premium BloggerWriting for other people’s website is also one of the money making tips but you need to assure that you get the right client. You should find interest in working with your clients and you should be able to write for them.Having your own personal blogs would be an added advantage. The websites can verify your job and the t raffic you obtain and can either sign up you as a permanent blogger for their site or pay you for each blog.This article is written by Crystal J. Briscoe. He is Professional Writer and also technical guru, overloaded with a wealth of experience, and even more degrees, at present learning Microsoft Certifications. If you wish to write for us, kindly check this.

The War For Equality During The 20th Century - 1218 Words

The War for Equality The first half of the Twentieth century witnessed both WWI and WWII and another war as well; the War for Equality. With a racism and persecution at a high level, racial minorities were ready to fight back. In the first half of the Twentieth century the mistreatment of racial minorities led to a War for Equality; fought on many levels with varying levels of success. The war was fierce and did not end in the first half of the Twentieth Century. Like any war the War for Equality had its’ causes, in this case the war was brought about by the continued mistreatment of racial minorities. This mistreatment came in many forms: segregation, violation of other civil rights, and violence. Racial minorities faced segregation on different levels. Blacks were kept out of public facilities in the South, Mexicans in the West, and Chinese out of America itself. In 1896 The Supreme Court case, Plessy v. Ferguson, determined separate public facilities were constitutional as long they were equal, allowing segregation of racial minorities. Segregated facilities rarely proved equal. While the Supreme Court ruling kept blacks out of white facilities, the Chinese Exclusion Act kept the Chinese out of America. The Chinese Exclusion Act, renewed in 1902, made it increasingly difficult for Chinese to enter America, while also making it easier for them to be deported (Chinese Exclusion Act). Consequently, Mexicans filled the role of cheap la borers that Chinese previouslyShow MoreRelatedJohn Locke on Liberty and Equality933 Words   |  4 PagesLiberalism is a political philosophy based on the ideas of liberty and equality; it supports the ideas of civil rights, freedom of religion, freedom of press, and free trade. Liberalism traces its origins to the works of John Locke in the seventeenth century and the philosophy of enlightenment in the eighteenth century. Locke wrote that every man has a natural right to life, liberty and property (â€Å"All mankind being all equal and independent, no one ought to harm another in his life, health, libertyRead MoreRationality in Humans Essay793 Words   |  4 Pagesthose who do not believe. If there is a war, there will be those that want peace. If there is a political movement, there will be those that disagree. Humans are bound to go against their own believes, their own strategies, and their own establishments. Nothing is forever. History portrays people going against the acce pted ideologies. It shows the everlasting change of the society. First, they thought that God was the explanation to everything. A century later, they started doubting the Bible. TheRead MoreThe Evolution of Gender Roles and its Role in Society1505 Words   |  7 Pagesinfluenced society. The slow progress of woman’s rights throughout humanities led to an explosion of woman’s rights throughout the 20th century and that trend will only continue on into the rest of the 21st century. First, it is important to understand how gender roles first differentiated amongst males and females in prehistoric cultures and the civilizations thereafter. During the Paleolithic period (ca. 6 million to 10,000 B.C.E) the earliest of humankind lived a nomadic way of life (Fiero). Men wereRead MoreWomen‚Äà ´s Suffrage Movement of Europe1187 Words   |  5 PagesThroughout history, women have struggled for equality in all parts of the world. European women fought for suffrage for an extremely long period of time before they were granted full voting rights. Each country approved women’s suffrage at different times, but it occurred in most European countries in the early 20th century. The first country to develop universal suffrage was Finland in the year 1906(â€Å"Women’s Suffrage in Europe†). 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Communists focused on eliminating class systems and creating a society where property is publicly owned and everyone is paid according to their abilities. Communists believed that this type of society would be better for all people. This ideal societyRead MoreEssay On How Have We Fail1123 Words   |  5 PagesHow Have We Failed America has been failing to live up to the expectations of its founding fathers since the very beginning. Our founding fathers had envisioned a country that would ensure equality, justice, and liberty for all while carrying out general welfare and ensuring domestic tranquility. It should have been our first and foremost duty to make that vision a reality since these values are the very foundation of America. But throughout history, America has suffered from racism, injustice, exploitationRead MoreThe During The Mid 20th Century1657 Words   |  7 Pagesthe spate of transformation that started during the mid 20th century is: how can the history of the mid 1900s be construed in one, single, wholly encompassing idea? The past 70 years since the end of World War II have seen momentous changes to numerous countries all around the world. Each country have experienced developments, both negative and positive, to the social, political, and economic state of themselves. The history of the la ter twentieth century can be defined with the idea of reformationRead MoreWomen s Rights Movement And The Demand For Women Suffrage1650 Words   |  7 Pages19th century from a variety of other movements. A major goal of the woman s rights movement was to change public opinion regarding women s capacities and rights. Suffrage was one of several reforms intended to end the significant legal, political, religious, and cultural discriminations against nineteenth century women. Suffrage became the primary goal of the woman s rights movement during the 1850s and remained so until women finally achieved the right to vote in 1920.During 20th century theyRead MoreThe Tyranny Of White Majority Essay1511 Words   |  7 Pagesfreedom, has been struggling with lingering racism and discrimination throughout the 19th and 20th century. Democratic reform throughout the century were implanted to eliminate the â€Å"tyranny of the white majority† Yet many scholars like Tocqueville, Fredrick Harris and WEB DuBois have challenged these results. The reality is that the tyranny of white majority has continued throughout the 18th to the 21st century resulting in a society that has suppressed and constantly failed to integrate African American

The Use Of Fda Regulation Of Drug Industry And Its Impact...

INTRODUCTION Human drugs are regulated by the U.S Food and Drug Administration (FDA). One of the first legislation which authorized FDA to regulate drugs was â€Å"Pure Food and Drugs Act† enacted in 1906. In last century, role of FDA has significantly increased in terms of regulation and supervision of drugs to promote and protect public health. The historical evolution of FDA regulation of the drug industry and its impact on marketing unapproved drugs will be discussed later in this memorandum. The term â€Å"drug† is defined means â€Å"articles intended for use in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease in man† by â€Å"affecting the structure or any function of the body of man.† In order to be marketed, â€Å"new drug† needs to have an approved application. â€Å"New Drug† can be defined as â€Å"any drug†¦the composition of which is such that such drug is not â€Å"generally recognized as safe and effective† for their labelled use. Prescription drug are prescribed by a physician, usually bought at pharmacy, prescribed for and intended to be used by one person and regulated by FDA through the New Drug Application (NDA) process. A typical NDA approval process includes three clinical phases which are distinct in terms of number of patients, length of study and purpose. The new drug application approval process helps in maintaining certain safeguards such as drug safety, dosing, manufacturing quality control standards, review of ongoing clinical safety and efficacy data,Show MoreRelatedRegulatory Agency: Food and Drug Administration Essay1617 Words   |  7 PagesAgency: Food and Drug Administration Victoria Steele University of Phoenix Regulatory Agency: Food and Drug Administration The regulation of all areas of health care in The United States falls to The United States Department of Health and Human. One such area is the regulation on medications dispensed within the United States. The section of The United States Department of Health and Human Services responsible for regulation on medications is the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). WhereasRead MoreDifferent Applications For Small And Large Molecules1623 Words   |  7 Pagesand BLA. Why are there different applications for small and large molecules? A small molecule drug approval required a New Drug Application (NDA) because it covered under Federal Food Drug and cosmetic Act Section 505 while large molecule drug required a Biologics License Application (BLA) because it covered under Public Health Service Act Section 351. Compared with conventional small-molecule drugs, products derived from a biological source are structurally complex, large molecules and involvedRead MoreOrphan Drug Market Development And Manufacturing Of Products1622 Words   |  7 PagesOrphan drug which is a drug or biologic that treats a patient population of less than 200,000 within the United States. There is an entire segment of the pharmaceutical industry comprised of companies that develop and manufacture treatments for rare diseases. The Orphan Drug market has a projected Worldwide 2020 sales forecast $178bn with a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 11.7% per year1. The projected growth of the Orphan Drug market is nearly double that of the prescription drug marketRead MoreMarketing Analysis : Health Marketing Communications Essay1724 Words   |  7 Pagesopportunities for brands to penetrate into this market segment. However, brands have to carefully consider the credibility of marketing tools when approaching h ealth-conscious consumers since they have been growing up among information rich society. At the same time, they are familiar with traditional marketing and sales tactics. Therefore, they tend to have an open mind to initiative marketing and authentic contents rather than direct advertising. Also, it has been noted that visual contents distributed throughRead MoreStarbucks Case Study Essay1357 Words   |  6 Pageshave upgraded their coffee menus trying to mimic their style. Also coffee-houses/shops are opening who have adopted the idea of community and become just as popular and profitable. The company realized it reached a plateau and needed to develop new marketing and strategies to be competitive, retain, and gain customers. In order to remain competitive companies must stay innovative and reinvent their brand according to changes in society. A company that focuses on one advantage can limit their profitRead MorePhase Iv Of The Phase II And Phase IIi1443 Words   |  6 Pages the safety of a drug or device is a priority and this initial testing phase can take several months to complete and generally includes 20 to 100 paid healthy volunteers in study. The design of the study is to determine the effects of the drug or device on humans including how it is absorbed, metabolized, and excreted. The investigation of a side effects also observed by an increasing the drug doses. Not all drugs are passing during this phase, but nearly 70% of experimental drugs pass during thisRead MoreEthical Issues Associated With Marketing And Advertising2384 Words   |  10 Pagessociety in general. Ethical issues associated with Marketing and Advertising: Ethical issues in marketing arise from conflicts of interest among parties doing business with each other. Ethical marketing efforts and decisions should meet the expectations of the various players in the marketing effort (Halbert Ingulli, 2012). Each party has its own expectation on how the business relationship is supposed to be. Advertisements are the most common marketing methods used by businesses. Ads last longer thanRead MoreThe Food And Drug Administration1834 Words   |  8 PagesThe Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is responsible for protecting and promoting  public health  through regulating pharmaceutical drugs, biologics and medical device in context to granting approvals for marketing authorization, surveillance of the clinical trial study of the drug, post-marketing surveillance of the medical product, etc. The Pharmaceutical companies seek for FDA approval for a new drug to be marketed through a lon g process. This process starts with applying an application knownRead MoreThe Effects Of Distributing Thalidomide On The Late 1950s1481 Words   |  6 PagesA little white pill, sold as an over-the-counter drug, lined the shelves of pharmacies across the globe. Originating from the German drug company, Chemie Grà ¼tinethal, this pill was advertised to a highly receptive international market and was a success in 1959. Several years later, physicians began to form a link between phocomelia, a birth deformity, and pregnant woman who ingested the German-created drug. That little white pill is known as Thalidomide. Staying in the market for almost six yearsRead MorePharmaCare essay3748 Words   |  15 Pagespharmaceutical companies grow in unprecedented size and strength. Due to the unprecedented growth the larger pharmaceutical companies have gained leverage and power in the prescription drug industry, but they lack innovation to market and they seek ways to help the business continu e to increase its profits. The pharmaceutical industry was once ethically sound and was a valuable player in the development of human health. However, overtime with the lack of innovation pharmaceutical companies are becoming an unethical

A Theory of Development of Adult Relationships Essay

Attachment: A Theory of Development of Adult Relationships Kristina Mihajlovic University of Illinois at Chicago As humans, building relationships between others is a form of connecting and communicating. It is a social situation that is experienced every day through the course of a lifetime. The initial relationship that is made is between the mother and the child. This bond that connects two people is known to be called attachment. The theory of attachment begins at birth, and from that, continuing on to other relationships in family, friends, and romance. Attachment is taught through social experiences, however the relationship with the mother and her temperament are the key factors in shaping the infants attachment type, which†¦show more content†¦More common behavior in avoidant men rather than women is the ability to reduce emotions so that anger or hostility is not present in conflict. This is because they are emotionally non-supportive. With anger and hostility there is a sense of involvement which needs support. This is where ambivalent types are shown. When dealing with a maj or problem they tend to show much more emotion and passion; greater anger, stress, and anxiety. After the conflict they see their relationship and partner less positive in terms of commitment, openness with each other, and supportiveness. (Simpson et al., 1996) The fourth (Simpson, Collins, Tran amp; Haydon, 2007) is a longitudinal study that studied participant’s experiences during their periods of critical attachment processes from four different stages; infancy, elementary, adolescence and early adulthood (20-23 years old.) From these attachment experiences, they become characteristics of personality and social development. As with all the other studies, the results seem to go with the same manner; infants who are secure at the beginning of their lives end up being socially apt in elementary school, and have a secure relationship with friends in adolescence. Whereas infants who are insecure, stay with the trend as they grow up. (Simpson et al., 2007) These results stay wi th the core idea of the attachment theory (Bowlby, 1979.) This seems to be the only study that shows earlyShow MoreRelatedAttachment Theory and the Differences in the Development of Social Relationships in Aging Adults2176 Words   |  9 PagesHow the attachment theory accounts for differences in the development of social relationships in aging adults? Name Institution Date How the attachment theory accounts for differences in the development of social relationships in aging adults? The attachment theory is one of the common theories in the specification of child development and growth in the world. Indeed, several influencing factors are concerned with the generation and establishment of the relationship that exists between parentsRead MoreEriksons Psychosocial Theory of Development: Young Adults Essay1494 Words   |  6 PagesEriksons Psychosocial Theory of Development: Young Adults The young adult has numerous stresses placed upon them through the route of development. Erikson has theorised developmental stages of growth into tasks. Of Eriksons theoretical tasks, one task describes the theory of intimacy versus isolation. This task theory can be examined using the normative crisis model. The knowledge of developmental tasks of the young adult can be beneficial to the nurse especially associated with their abilityRead MoreVygotsky s Theory Of Internalisation1709 Words   |  7 Pages Vygotsky also introduced his theory of internalisation, one of the main concepts that differentiated from that of Jean Piaget (Duchesne, S., McMaugh, A. 2016. P.103). The theory of internalisation put forward by Vygotsky is an idea that suggests an individual is able to observe and internalise the ideas and processes of their surroundings as they partake in social interaction defined as, â€Å"new ways of thinking† (Duchesne, S., McMaugh, A.,2016p.103). During social interaction the individualsRead MoreHow Does Attachment Influence The Social And Emotional Development Of The Child? Essay1378 Words   |  6 Pagesand emotional development of the child? A child’s social and emotional development has significant implications for the social functioning of a child throughout their lives, in their education, friendships and employment. A child with poor or social and emotional development are at risk of experiencing poor relationships with peers, academic problems and ca n lead them into involvement in unsociable activities or crime. Research suggests the key to social and emotional development lies in the child’sRead MoreThe Social And Emotional Development Essay1108 Words   |  5 PagesAttachment relationship is important for both child and parents/caregiver to develop because of social and emotional need. A child’s emotional and social development has significant impact for the social function of a child throughout their lives, education, friendships and employment. Research show that a child with no social and emotional development are at very high risk of having poor relationships with peers, academic problems and can lead them into poor decision in life and crime. Many researchesRead MoreAdult Learning Is The Best Known Of These Theoretical Approaches Essay1333 Words   |  6 Pagestheoretical approaches to adult learning which have proved to be beneficial for the research on adult learning. Some of the frameworks have helpe d researchers think about practices across various contexts of adult learning. Andragogy is arguably the best-known of these theoretical approaches. Malcolm Knowles is credited with bringing this framework to attention. Andragogy has been broadly debated by scholars, but still remains one of the most enduring and widely cited theories of adult learning (MerriamRead MoreJean Piaget And Vygotsky s Theory On Children s Cognitive Development1507 Words   |  7 Pagestheir knowledge on children’s cognitive development. Both psychologists had their own vision of what stimulates and helps a child grow. Jean Piaget s theory was shaped through the thinking and understanding of how knowledge is built through a series of four stages; preoperational, sensorimotor, formal operational and concrete operational. He believed that the development was with the child themselves. On the contrary, Lev Vygotsky s theory is shaped through adult social interactions and cultural rolesRead MoreEric Er iksons Theory Of Psychosocial Development827 Words   |  4 Pages Development describes the growth of humans throughout the lifespan, from conception to death. The study of human development helps to understand how and why people change throughout life. This includes all aspects of human growth, including physical, intellectual, language, social and emotional and spiritual development. Development is dynamic, however, the ability to progress to each developmental phase will affect the overall health of the person. Each child is unique and develops at his /herRead MoreHas Anyone Put Any Psychological Thought Into How They1483 Words   |  6 Pagesdedicated their lives to this type of development. Erikson theorists would take a social influence stance, and Piagetian theorists focus on one’s cognition. So, who is right? More knowledge has been obtained to know that human behavior should be social and the need to socialize with other people. Erikson believes this whereas Piaget thought of qualitative thinking that shapes a child. Erikson is mor e influential about identity development because he explains his theory with more stages than Piaget, appropriateRead MoreObservation of Child Growth Essay1435 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction red - Development blue – Conclusion orange Individualism– Giving priority to one’s own goals over group          goals and defining one’s identity in terms of personal attributes          rather than group identification.       For the first time in my life I am being an individualist. I am giving greater priority to my own personal goals. I honestly don’t know what I was thinking changing careers at the age of 42 but I am determined to get my nursing degree. For the next 2 years it will be

Plain Packaging on Cigarettes

Question: Describe about the Plain Packaging on Cigarettes? Answer: 1: Market power or monopoly power can be exercised in those markets where there is a single seller of a particular good and the seller acquires substantial power over the price. In all cases a monopolist is famous for charging high price at the expense of the consumers. In this case, there are two countries both selling a given good at different prices. It is assumed that Country charges high price for the good than the Country B. Here the consequence of monopoly power can be justified if Country is A selling the good in domestic market that is in his own country. The monopoly power in the domestic market can be exercise if it does not have any competitor or strong substitute goods. But if both countries engage in beneficial trade then the consumers of Country A may find that the same good is cheaper in Country B. Then the consumers can import such a good from Country B. so in the international market Country may not be able to exercise monopoly or market power because Country B will ac t like a competitor and thus will be able to capture the market share of that particular good. So for Country A things would not be favourable if trade opened up between the countries and consumers start comparing between the price of goods and make rational purchase of good where the price is low. For example, British Steel exercises monopoly power in the domestic market but faces international competition. This is because with the increase in globalization, the firms need to exercise monopoly power domestically in order to be competitive globally. Thus the notion is not purely correct or not purely wrong but is uncertain. (Economicsonline.co.uk, 2015) 2: The plain packaging law for cigarettes meant homogenous packaging where all branding like logos, trademarks, images etc. needs to be removed. This was adopted for a universal reduction in tobacco consumption. But the effectiveness of such measures is criticized in many countries on that the ground that it did not reduce the tobacco sale rather increased the sale of cigarettes. But the biggest cigarettes makers have a different outlook to this law and they found out that this law can be detrimental to their business. So they opposed the measure and announced that they would take legal steps so as to withhold the law (Australia, 2014). The reason behind such action is that the plain universal packaging might influence the smokers to quit their habit which would reduce sale of their cigarettes and in turn reduce their revenue from it. This would leave the producers worse-off. In 2009, National Preventative Health Taskforce reported that the packaging plays an important role that mislead s the smokers about the detrimental impact of tobacco. Hence, this posed a threat to the cigarette makers. (Tobaccotactics.org, 2015) From the economic point of view, the law could not prove its efficiency. This is because a study show that about 57% of British smoker said that it is difficult for them to quit smoking no matter what the package looked like. This law can also give rise to illegal trading of cheap cigarettes. Smoking has a strong relation with poverty. High wage earners tend to smoke less and the low wage earners smoke heavy. But if this prohibition is taken seriously and people get influenced by it and quit smoking then it can improve the death rates and reduce the epidemics. This overall improvement in health can be depicted by the Human Development Index of the countries which takes the life expectancy rate into account. (Dodds, 2014) 3: The survey by the IMPI revealed that around 70% of the Mexican population engages in consumption and purchase of pirated goods and services. The government has taken several copyright enforcement efforts with the help of the right holders to prevent the sale of pirated products. The impact of such law enforcement has benefitted the country but the pace of the effectiveness of the law was regarded to be very slow between the right holders and Internet service providers. (Karaganis, 2011)The direct impact of penalizing the pirated companies and the internet users is that there operation reduced and the situation or market conditions for the rights holders improved. The law enforcement also helped to stop the illegal trading of goods at cheap rates. (Spink and Levente Fejes, 2012)The economic implication is that the law helped to stabilize the prices of goods sold by the rights holder. In this regard, the elimination of piracy causes demand and supply to regulate and determine the corre ct equilibrium price and quantity. This determined price can be slightly higher than the pirated price but the interest of the rights holder would be improved. (INTERNATIONAL INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY ALLIANCE (IIPA) 2014 SPECIAL 301 REPORT ON COPYRIGHT PROTECTION AND ENFORCEMENT, 2014) References: Australia, W. (2014).Why plain packaging is reducing the number of smokers in Australia. [online] The Sydney Morning Herald. Available at: https://www.smh.com.au/comment/why-plain-packaging-is-reducing-the-number-of-smokers-in-australia-20140624-zsjt9.html [Accessed 21 Mar. 2015]. Dodds, L. (2014).Plain packaging on cigarettes: Where does it all end?. [online] Telegraph.co.uk. Available at: https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/health/11261789/Plain-packaging-on-cigarettes-Where-does-it-all-end.html [Accessed 21 Mar. 2015]. Economicsonline.co.uk, (2015).Monopoly power. [online] Available at: https://economicsonline.co.uk/Market_failures/Monopoly_power.html [Accessed 21 Mar. 2015]. INTERNATIONAL INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY ALLIANCE (IIPA) 2014 SPECIAL 301 REPORT ON COPYRIGHT PROTECTION AND ENFORCEMENT. (2014). 1st ed. [ebook] Available at: https://www.iipa.com/rbc/2014/2014SPEC301MEXICO.PDF [Accessed 21 Mar. 2015]. Karaganis, J. (2011).Media piracy in emerging economies. New York, NY: Social Science Research Council. Spink, J. and Levente Fejes, Z. (2012). A review of the economic impact of counterfeiting and piracy methodologies and assessment of currently utilized estimates.International Journal of Comparative and Applied Criminal Justice, 36(4), pp.249-271. Tobaccotactics.org, (2015).Plain Packaging in the UK - TobaccoTactics. [online] Available at: https://www.tobaccotactics.org/index.php/Plain_Packaging_in_the_UK [Accessed 21 Mar. 2015].

Benito Cereno and American Characteristic free essay sample

â€Å"Benito Cereno† is a work that exceedingly depicts how ideological self-delusion of an American character is one of the most dangerous capacities of mankind. Captain Delano a Yankee from â€Å"Duxbury Massachusetts† exemplifies these two American cultures of concerning nature and confidence. As Americans we have concerned and helped other less fortunate (i. e. the amount we donate to help third world countries), we are also confident and fearless in nature that we can accomplish anything (i. e. American dream). These traditional American characteristics I believe forms the American arrogance that we are stereotyped to have. We maybe helping others we have no business helping. Just like the American culture Delano truly believes he is doing the right thing, by showing concern and having confidence in being able to help the San Dominick slave-ship and he is incapable of seeing the horrifying consequences of his actions both with respect to his â€Å"friendly racism† and his fantasy of â€Å"superiority†. We will write a custom essay sample on Benito Cereno and American Characteristic or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page He spends a day on the  San Dominick  following a slave mutiny, never quite aware that anything is wrong until the truth all but bites his head off. Delano subscribes to a typical Northern view of African slaves: he considers them to be naturally good-natured, submissive servants. He spends much of his time aboard the  San Dominick  condescendingly admiring Babos performance. Melville critiques this naivete arrogance of superiority and friendly racism to which although these characteristic are positive if not careful, can be a barrier that blinds a person from seeing the actual situation. None wore fetters, because the owner, his friend Aranda, told him that they were all tractable (BC 224) As Delano first boards Benitos ship, the slaves are still unfettered. The ship seems unreal; these strange costumes, gestures, and faces, but a shadowy tableau just emerged from the deep, which directly must receive back what it gave (BC). This shadowy tableau, on the ship inhabited mostly by unregulated African slaves, roaming around freely is there for Captain Delano to develop his own understanding as to why this ship culture is the way it is. Having the traditional American character of concern, Delano in nature is concerned about the ship and his intention of genuinely helping the troubled captain Benito Cereno becomes a curtain that prevents him from seeing the real intentions of the slaves. Symbols that have previously been formed and encoded by the American culture and upbringing in the back of his mind; Delanos trustful good nature makes him accept the image of the faithful slaves in his understanding of the unknown Africans slaves on the ship. With this idea of faithful slaves, confronted with a genuine signs and warning; the frail captain Benito Cereno, the vigilant Babo, chained Atufal, the oakum-pickers and hatchet-polishers, the flaring moments of violence and uneasehe is not capable of understanding and arranging them accurately or truthfully. This trustful and concerned nature of Americans is one of the characters Captain Delano represents. That an American upbringing create a perception even today that we, as a country, had a right to go around the world helping other struggling nations who were beset by tyrants or internal fighting with the attendant killing and raping of the populace. This trusting and concerned nature makes us delusional preventing us from seeing the facts that maybe these country America is helping does not want our help. The same goes for captain Delano his trustful nature creates a delusion of â€Å"faithful and harmless slaves† that helping this slave ship and its current condition of unfettered slaves is a result of the poor management of Captain Delano’s lesser Hispanic counter Captain Benito Cereno therefore his is obliged to help to get it under control. This concerning nature blinds Captain Delano from seeing the truth. Before even making contact with the blacks on the ship, Delano readily stresses their good-natured and pristine qualities. These unsophisticated Africans, with their self-content and peculiar love . . . of uniting industry with pastime, (BC) bring out Delanos weakness for negroes. In his understanding of them, they are a mixture of docility and nobility. Delano feels confident as he sees the affectionate zeal and good conduct (BC) As this book reveals, Delano alternates between his images of the Africans as an innocent faithful slaves, he completely misinterprets the slave revolt and totally neglects the blacks inner motivations. While revealing how Delano adapts these ideological images of the black man to fit his own understanding. This confidence from his own American upbringing and staying in his own paradigm of slaves being kind in nature, and are submissive servants make Captain Delano a benign racist. He does not express hate for the black people; he likes them. But his fondness of them shows in a characteristic of overconfidence or arrogance, in which that he is confident in his own knowledge that the slaves are obedient creatures, incapable of harm and completely demeaning the black slaves. He considers Babo, for instance, to be a childish slave of limited intelligence. In Delanos understanding, the faithful blacks are closer to animal nature than the white man is. Delanos dialogue continuously dehumanizes the slaves by attaching animal imagery to them. First, as the narrator mentions, Delano took to negroes, not philanthropically, but genially, just as other men to Newfoundland dogs (BC). When Babo looks up at Don Benito, he is like a shepherds dog, (BC) whose grins denote mere animal humor (BC). These references and comparison to animals of the slaves becomes not to decline them as human, but instead to acknowledge them within the white community in their position as docile servants, the image of the dog, domesticated animal, is significant in this context. At the same time, their animal reference accounts for their inability for being totally free. This show of confidence and trust completely blinds Captain Delano from the truth and maybe be seen by the majority as a weakness but this ignorance ultimately helped him from the slave revolt. Delanos trustfulness and perception that all the blacks are docile and faithful slaves and are good nature saves their lives. Delanos ignorance prevents him from discovering the truth, which would almost certainly lead him to a untimely demise. Cereno conveys his surprise that Babo refrained from murdering Delano,   Cereno conveys his surprise that Babo refrains from murdering Delano, to think of some things you did those smilings and chattings,  rash  pointings and gesturings. For less than these, they slew my mate (BC) This reinforces the fact that if Delano makes any indication of recognizing the truth, he would have been killed on the spot. Delano’s confident, arrogant and absolutely insulting demeanor and perception of slaves being too stupid to be able to formulate a revolt ultimately saves him and Benito Cereno. If Delano is not so unaware of the events encircling him and exhibits a little more suspicion, Babo would certainly have him executed. This confidence that conveys a typical American characteristic is also part of Captain Delano’s. This confidence created a barrier that prevented him from once again seeing the truth in the situation. An arrogant demeanor that he underestimates his adversary, in which nine out of ten will completely destroy you but in this particular story turned out to be an advantage. Captain Delano’s overconfidence in his own â€Å"limited† knowledge and upbringing and from his own experiences growing up, and perhaps his interaction with the black community, he views them as a lesser being forming an idea of himself as a superior or idea of white supremacy that completely limits his understanding and cannot read the gravity of the situation. This overconfidence in his understanding became ignorance and although I believed it helped him from getting killed on the ship by Babo and the slaves, is the same overconfidence that can potentially be deadly. With the revelation of the slave revolt, we should realize that one of the main reasons Delano has been incapable of seeing through the masquerade has been his benign racism, in which that he see’s the slaves as harmless and too stupid to come up with such an idea. Delano’s racism can be understood most directly it seems to be a reflection of his upbringing in a somewhat liberal Northern racism that practice anti-slavery views (it’s important to remember Delano is from Massachusetts, a hotbed of anti-slavery activity during the period). The story suggests that Delano, like others who viewed slaves sympathetically, may have a weak recognition of the horrors of slavery and may consider himself the slaves’ friend, but such feelings depend on viewing himself as superior to the slaves and to the slaves staying in their appointed position of submission. In conclusion while Delano finds blacks utterly charming and fun-loving, fond of bright colors and of uniting industry with pastime, this admiration masks his deep-seated conviction that blacks are not entirely human. In fact, when in the midst of trying to understand the odd occurrences on the San Dominick, it briefly occurs to Delano that Cereno might be in league with the blacks, he dismisses the thought with a shudder: who ever heard of a white so far a renegade as to apostatize from his very species almost, by leaguing in against it with Negroes? (BC). This proves once again his overconfidence in his understanding limiting him from seeing the big picture that the slaves are controlling the situation. He can never imagine that the slaves are the one who thought up the grandiose plan, that he thinks Captain Cereno is orchestrating something gainst his kin. He fails to discern that the Spanish vessel is in fact in the hold of a complex, meticulously plotted mutiny, that the slaves have successfully revolted, and that the dutiful Babo is in fact the revolutionary in command. Delanos trusting and overconfidence in this regard is very nearly fatal, and in a way that the text explains, and that cri tics have frequently described, it is his concerning, unselfconscious, absolutely stubborn ideology of slaves and creates a benign racismhis offhand white supremacismthat drives and sustains this ignorance. Despite his several moments of deep suspicion, is his unmoved confidence that a slave like Babo, so naturally docile, so ideally suited to those watchful and pleasant avocations about ones person, could never surpass the unaspiring contentment of a limited mind common to all Africans (BC). The blacks in league with a piratical Cereno? But they were too stupid, Delano reminds himself (BC). Believing this, he cannot see whats before him, because of his paradigm and views of the slaves in a northern upbringing of being sympathetically to the slaves, He is incapable of imagining the black slaves in any but a passive role of devoted and faithful servants, docile and incapable of harming their white superiors, This overconfidence is ultimately ignorance that Delano cannot perceive the true situation on the San Dominick.

The Dream essays

The Dream essays It was late December, the drifts were piling up in collusion against the rails of the porch. Little could be discerned above the sound of the wind, wrapping itself around the northeast corner of the house. Restless, it continued to bully what remained of the brittle branches of last summers honeysuckle, a loose shutter, and my grandmothers wind chimes. In the midst of this late afternoon concert, the sun was descending unnoticed toward its mountain crypt. Already the sky was filtering the light with its angular sieve suggesting the beginnings of the golden hour. Soon it would lend itself to blazing oranges and finally a pastel pink adieu. In that moment of silence, when the wind stops to take an in breath, I stirred. As I rallied myself from the daybed, throwing my coverlet aside, I grabbed the poker in hopes of being able to stir up the starving fire a little longer before an inevitable trip to the mud room. Arming myself with boots, gloves, and coat, I would soon enough be staggering out toward a chaotic woodpile in order to replenish the famished fire. My thoughts were still troubled. Clouded and confused. The images, rich with texture, numinous with meaning, affronting my conscious sensibilities. Between worlds, as if stepping on the edge of a great secret, I found the strength to twist an aberrant piece of wood back on itself to re-inspire the licking heat out of tired smoking embers. How long had I been sleeping? Years.... or minutes? The sounds of branches against glass beckoned my attention outward. The wisp of her hand, still reaching out to me.... the color of the garden hose, surrealistic in its green undulating wetness..... and the receding scent of roses..... I knew it would be a mistake to surrender to my impulses now. The warmth I had managed to coax out of the fireplace would not last long. I gathered up my sweater and moved toward the boots in the anteroom, having accepted my fa...

Amakusa Shiro and Japanese Christianity Research Paper

Amakusa Shiro and Japanese Christianity - Research Paper Example The poor peasants of Japan’s rural areas as well as the samurai feudal lords who wanted to have guns and profits from the traders, got attracted to Christianity that spread its wing slowly under the leadership of Jesuit missionaries. It was after Xavier spent two and half years spreading his message, and in 1580, the port of Nagasaki was gifted to the Jesuits that the ruler of Japan, Toyotomi Hideyoshi condemned Christianity through an eleven point edict and banned conversions made under compulsion. But this decree was not strictly enforced. But the Jesuits priests and missionaries were ordered to leave the country. This was a stage when Christianity in Japan went into hiding as cruel persecution of Christians became a routine. Many Christians had fled to the Japanese island of Amakusa but they were burdened with heavy taxes and often burned individually and in groups at stake by the rulers. It was at this juncture that a 16 year old youth, who was a Christian and a samurai, was chosen by a group of rebellious Christians to lead them in a revolt against the persecutors of Christian faith. Amakusa Shiro was to be called as the Japanese Messiah, later. He was a youth of great courage as is known from whatever historical facts that have been available about him. It was at the age of eight that Amakusa started learning Japanese martial arts and warfare. It is reported that he used to teach religion to children in his leisure time. It was violating the laws that had banned Christianity that he preached his faith. The mythological accounts about his childhood say that he used to do magical tricks to lure the crowds to his preaching. (CathInfo). It might have been his success in attracting people to the faith and his ability as a swordsmanship that prompted the rebel leaders to make him his leader. And his leadership might have imparted a new vigor to the poor peasants who thought of him as a deliverer from God (Keith, 2006, 29). Around forty thousand Christians, all poor peasants, rallied behind Amakusa in the uprising (Millard, 2001, 8). Though Amakusa Shiro was the leader of the rebellion, it is observed that the real leaders of the war were a group of about six warriors who led it and planned the strategies (Pettitt, n.d., 53). But Amakusa w as the symbol of the struggle. And his boyishness, his charm and his brevity might have made him dear to his followers. The violent uprising started in 1637, went on for three years, and ended with the capture of Hara castle from the rebels by the Japanese army and the beheading of the rebels including Amakusa Shiro (Pettitt, n.d., 52-53). His head was displayed in Nagasaki along with the heads of many other rebels (Keith, 2006, 53). After the rebellion was suppressed, Christianity in Japan became a banned faith (Pettitt, n.d., 53). Many a legends have emerged in Japanese popular culture picturizing Amakusa Shiro as a failed hero (Keith, 2006, 31). Amakusa had led the rebellion by claiming that he was Christ himself reincarnated (Keith, 2006, 49). Thus he had become a spiritual head of the rebels (Keith, 2006, 49). The father of Amakusa Shiro was Masuda Jinbei, was also a follower of Christianity and a samurai (Pettitt,n.d., 51-55). After capturing the Hara castle, Shiro had raised a Christian flag over it thereby imparting a political nature to the rebellion and of course greatly boosting the morale of the rebels (Keith, 2006, 50). The Japanese rulers had sent the mother and sister of Amakusa Shiro

Real Estate Law Week 1 Ind wrk Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Real Estate Law Week 1 Ind wrk - Research Paper Example This is because, unlike personal property which is essentially, movable items which are not part of the land, real property refers to land and the things that are permanently affixed to that land. In this regard, notice that even if you should intend to sell the land upon which the house rests, neither will unseat the house from the land, nor can you sell the house minus the land. In another wavelength, it is imperative that you determine the type of real property ownership your house will be under. There is life estate where the right to possess, access and use this house will be limited to the proprietor’s (the Daryl’s) lifetime. In this case, the Darryls may give or sell away the property, later. The family can also resort to free simple which is outright ownership. There is also future interest where the family can seek the right to won the house sometime in future. The Darryls may also consider contingent interest or lienholder where ownership is comes into existence only where specific conditions are fulfilled, or where the Darryls as the holder of a mortgage, judgment lien, deed of trust or mechanic’s lien on real estate take ownership interest in the real property, respectively (Elias,

Feminization Of Migration Philippine Workers Welfare Sociology Essay

Feminization Of Migration Philippine Workers Welfare Sociology Essay Introduction and Background In most places throughout the world, the term migrant conjures images of men, while the phrase, migrants and their families introduces women and children into the picture. Yet, statistics show that half of all migrants globally are female and studies document that women are active participants in migration, both within and between countries (Boyd, 2006). Philippine migration started as early as 1900s during the time of American colonial rule. The first Filipinos to migrate came from Ilocos and they worked in pineapple plantations in Hawaii, agriculture in California and fish canneries in Washington and Alaska in 1920s. During 1960s, different category of Filipino workers migrated to America, Canada, and some European countries. They were the so-called professionals working as nurses, doctors, and medical technicians. In 1970s, Filipinos were in demand in industrialized countries such as Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Hong Kong, Singapore, Taiwan, and Malaysia. They filled up the labor shortages in these countries and worked as construction workers, nannies, domestic workers, nurse and entertainers. The phenomenon in Philippine labor migration started during these years since large numbers of workers leave the country for employment. However, in 1980s a different trend in Philippine labor migration has emerged called feminization of migration. (Explain why?) This means that more and more women participated in the area of labor migration. (Add further explanation) A lot of factors attributed to the proliferation of women migration. In the previous studies, women migration could be a result of poverty, globalization, and pressure from family, among others. But the most common reason of these women who wants to find better opportunities in their chosen countries of destination is poverty. To escape poverty, these women leave their work and try their luck overseas. Some of them are professionals while others are a mere high school graduates working mostly in the services sector. However, the basic question lies in their welfare and protection in the third country. Hence, this study is conducted to identify the common issues and concerns encountered by these women and try to examine the Philippine government policy thru the Department of Labor and Employment (DOLE) to ensure the welfare and protection of these women in their chosen country of destination. If possible, this study will try to influence the DOLE policy makers by presenting sufficient data to justify the need to formulate policies specifically for women migrant workers (if there is none). Theoretical Framework Several theories are presented in this section to help the readers understand or gain insights on the migration of Filipino women migrant workers. Below are some of the theories: Feminist theory, according to Wikipidia (13 April 2009), aims to understand the nature of inequality and focuses on gender politics, power relations and sexuality. While generally providing a critique of social relations, much of feminist theory also focuses on analyzing gender inequality and the promotion of womens rights, interests, and issues. Based on the same source mentioned above, the feminist legal theory is based on the belief that the law has been instrumental womens historical subordination. The project of feminist legal theory is twofold. First, feminist jurisprudence seeks to explain ways in which the law played a role in womens former subordinate status. Second, feminist legal theory is dedicated to changing womens status through a reworking of the law and its approach to gender. One of the theories that best describes the outflow of Filipino women abroad is the theory on globalization. Globalization (Wikipedia, 11 April 2009) in its literal sense is the process of transformation of local or regional phenomena into global ones. It can be described as a process by which the people of the world are unified into a single society and function together. This process is a combination of economic, technological, socio-cultural and political forces. Globalization is often used to refer to economic globalization, that is, integration of national economies into the international economy through trade, foreign direct investment, capital flows, migration, and the spread of technology. Another theory that explains migration is the neoclassical economic theory (Sjaastad 1962; Todaro 1969). It suggests that international migration is related to the global supply and demand for labor. Nations with scarce labor supply and high demand will have high wages that pull immigrants in from nations with a surplus of labor (family.jrank.org, 2009). The segmented labor market theory (Piore 1979) argues that First World economies are structured so as to require a certain level of immigration. This theory suggests that developed economies are dualistic, they have a primary market of secure, well remunerated work and a secondary market of low wage work. Segmented labor market theory argues that immigrants are recruited to fill these jobs that are necessary for the overall economy to function but are avoided by the native-born population because of the poor working conditions associated with the secondary labor market (family.jrank.org, 2009). World systems theory (Sassen 1988) argues that international migration is a by-product of global capitalism. Contemporary patterns of international migration tend to be from the periphery (poor nations) to the core (rich nations) because factors associated with industrial development in the First World generated structural economic problems, and thus push factors, in the Third World (family.jrank.org, 2009). In the Todaro-Harris model, the decision to migrate is largely determined by the individuals expectation of earning a higher income, with expected income being defined as actual urban income multiplied by the probability of obtaining employment (Ullah, 2004). Conceptual Framework Figure 1 presents the research paradigm of the study. Figure 1: Research Design As shown in the diagram, Filipino women migrant workers are also experiencing some issues and concerns in their chosen country of destination. This study will find out how these issues and concerns will affect the formulation of Philippine labor policy. Statement of the Problem This study deals on the Feminization of the Philippine Labor Migation as well as its implications on the countrys policy on workers welfare and protection. Specifically, this study aims to answer the following questions: What is the personal profile of the respondents based on the following: Age Marital Status Level of Education Employment Status Nature of Employment Length of Contract What are the common issues and concerns encountered by migrant women in the receiving/destination countries? What are the roles of the government particularly the Department of Labor and Employment (DOLE) in ensuring the well-being of the Filipino women migrant workers? What is/are the policy/ies of DOLE in dealing with the migration of women in terms of: Welfare Protection With reference to question 2, what are the implications of these common issues and concerns in the formulations of labor policy/ies directed to Filipino migrant women? Hypothesis The following hypotheses were considered by the researcher in the study: The common issues and concerns encountered by migrant women in the receiving/destination countries are not significant. The roles of the government particularly DOLE are minimal in ensuring the well-being of the Filipino women migrant workers. The policy/ies of DOLE in dealing with the migration of women are not significant in terms of: Welfare Protection With reference to question 2, the implications of these common issues and concerns are not significant in the formulations of labor policy/ies directed to Filipino migrant women. Significance of the Study Since the onset of the phenomenon called feminization of Philippine labor migration in 1980s, a number of researchers attempted to determine the factors that trigger Filipino women from leaving the country in search for a better opportunity abroad. This study will try to delve into the implications of the common issues and concerns encountered by migrant women in the destination countries to the formulation of labor policies/programs by DOLE. Further, the conduct of this study will acquaint the public on the difficulties encountered by the Filipino women migrant workers abroad. This will also serve as a guide to the Philippine government thru DOLE to formulate policies addressing specifically the issues and concerns of the women migrant workers. Scope and Delimitation of the Study This study focuses on the common issues and concerns faced by Filipino migrant women and its implications on the formulation of government policies to ensure their welfare and protection. The respondents shall be the women migrant workers employed in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). In 2008, KSA was the top destination country for newly hires Filipino migrant workers with a deployment of 76,148. Of this figure, 24,508 were female workers. To save time and money, Slovins formula shall be employed to determine the sample size of the population. Particularly, this study shall concentrate gathering data in Alkhobar, KSA wherein one of the two POLOs in Saudi Arabia is located. Sets of questionnaire shall be disseminated to the respondents with the assistance of POLO-Alkhobar. The distribution of questionnaires shall be done in the POLO office wherein the respondents paid visit to request for assistance, asking for an advice and other grievances among others. The researcher shall also use interview method with the concerned government officials, non-government organizations (NGOs), private sectors and internet to facilitate the conduct of the thesis. Definition of Terms The following are the common terms used in this study. The terms were defined according to the context of the study. Some terms were taken from the DOLE and the International Organization for Migration (IOM) Glossary for Migration: Country of Origin A country where the women workers permanently resides. Feminization of Migration The increasing participation of women in the field of labor migration. Labour Migration The movement of persons from their home state to another for the purpose of employment. Philippine Overseas Labor Office (POLO) The POLO serves as the DOLEs overseas operating arm in the implementation of Philippine labor policies and programs for the protection and promotion of the welfare and interests of Filipinos working abroad. Push-Pull Factors Push factors are the reasons that trigger the workers to migrate in their chosen country of destination whereas pull factors are the attracting forces that lead them to migrate. Receiving Country The chosen country of destination by the worker. CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE This chapter presented the different literature and studies conducted by different authors both local and foreign to support the concepts and theories of the phenomenon called Feminization of Labor Migration. Related Literature In a study entitled, The Feminization of Philippine Migration in Europe (05 March 2009), the Philippine Migration is brought about by a combination of socio-cultural, economic, and political factors in the Philippines that push Philippine women to migrate, as well as factors in Europe that pull them to immigrate. The economic crisis in the Philippines has led to an increasing unemployment and underemployment, with practically no work available within the country. According to that same study, it was mentioned that as migrant workers, Filipinas experience a host of problems related to their employment situations. Because they are women, who come from the so called Third World, they are allowed to work only in the lowest job categories. They are particularly vulnerable to various forms of exploitative labour practices, being employed in jobs, which make use of their highly skilled and qualified labour at very low cost. The fact is women migrants are indeed subject to various forms of abuse when they work overseas they are paid low wages if they are paid at all, they work in terrible working conditions, and are subject to various forms of physical, sexual and psychological violence calling for necessary interventions on the part of the state (Rodriguez, 1995). With reference to the study entitled The Feminization of Philippine Migration in Europe (05 March 2009), it was stated that the withholding of wages and documents such as passports, low pay, long working hours, the lack of opportunities for meaningful career advancement, and the lack of work benefits and job security, are only some of the problems, which Filipina migrant workers experience in the work place. Many believed labor export exposed women migrants to harsh forms of sexual violence. Others believed that the out-migration of women was weakening the Philippines social and moral fabric and still others, believed that the out-migration of Filipinas as domestic workers and entertainers threatened the Philippine states subject status on the world stage (Rodriguez, 1995). The feminization of Philippine overseas labor migration, which had been male-dominated until the 1980s, belies the failure of womens empowerment in society. The increasing out-migration of women indicates a decline, or continuing limitation, in the share of work available to women in the production process; employment opportunities remain restricted and income insufficient. The majority of female OFWs are still in traditional reproductive work such as domestic work and cultural entertainment, health care and nursing, where the pay is low and the nature of the work involves a higher exposure to physical, sexual and other abuse. This in turn underscores the international division of labor, in which the Third World, or the South, does the labor-intensive and lower-paid work. It also demonstrates a persistent gendered division of labor at the global level, with the South taking on the menial aspects of reproductive work, which are thereby feminized, secondary, subservient, and inferior t o the masculine, dominant North (de Guzman, 2003). The increased understanding of the situation of migrant women should provide the basis for the formulation of policies and programmes that promote their equality with migrant men and that safeguard their well-being (UN, 2004). Related Studies For a long time, the typical migrant has been viewed as male and until 3 decades ago, female migration was generally overlooked. Since the middle of the 1970s, there has been a growing interest in womens immigration, first with the increase in family reunification, especially in Europe and from the 1980s, until today, the growing recruitment of migrant women for labour market needs especially in service (Casas and Garson, 2005). In recent years the term feminization of migration has become commonplace, even entering the public domain through media reports (INSTRAW, 2007). According to Nancy V. Yanger, in her study on the Feminization of Migration (2006), there has been a change in the international migration patterns of women: more are moving from one country to another on their own than to join their husbands or other family members. This feminization of migration raises several key policy concerns about womens security and human rights in sending and destination countries. About half of all migrant workers are now women (IOM, 2008), with more women migrating independently and as main income earners rather than accompanying male relatives (Martin, 2005). Insofar as men are increasingly unable to fulfill their traditional roles as economic providers to their families, and the demand for female caregivers continue to rise in the industrial countries, the pressure on women to seek new survival strategies for their families will continue to fuel the increase of female migrants worldwide (INSTRAW, 2007). The feminization of migration had also produced specifically female forms of migration, such as the commercialized migration of domestic workers and caregivers, the migration and trafficking of women for the sex industry and the organized migration of women for marriage (UNESC, 2006). Women are often recruited internationally to do reproductive work in other peoples houses or for service sector jobs such as waitressing or entertainment that are poorly and marked by high instability and turnover. Many of these jobs are unregulated because they are of borderline legality (such as sex work) or because they are not included in the scope of the destination countrys labor laws, which primarily cover productive work. The unregulated nature of reproductive work, which allows no recourse through the legal system, places many women migrants at risk of exploitation in the form of low wages, poor working conditions, or physical or sexual abuse (Yinger, 2006). Perhaps the most notable feature of female migration is the extent to which it is founded upon the continued reproduction and exploitation of gender inequalities by global capitalism. For the most part, female labor migrants perform womens work as nannies, maids and sex workers the worst possible occupational niches in terms of remuneration, working conditions, legal protections and social recognition. In this way, gender acts as a basic organizing principle of labor markets in destination countries, reproducing and reinforcing pre-existing gender patterns that oppress women. But it is not only women who perform these jobs, but women of a particular race, class, ethnicity and/or nationality i.e. gender cross-cuts with other forms of oppression to facilitate the economic exploitation of women migrants and these relegation to a servile (maids) and/or despised (sex workers) status (INSTRAW, 2007). In the north, the growing involvement of immigrant women in paid work is mainly the result of an increase in the demand for labour in unskilled and poorly paid jobs in the service sectors in immigrant-receiving countries. Domestic service, hotels and restaurants and personal care are all sectors that have large recourse to foreign migration labour and the development of exclusively female migration flows (Sassen, 1993). Immigrant women work in those jobs that are abandoned by the receiving country nationals (Casas and Garson, 2005). INSTRAWs Columbia case study found a significant number of middle-age women whose main reason to migrate was not related to economic or family reasons (as their children are already grown up) but rather to the expectation that new relationship opportunities are easier to come by in Spain than in Columbia, where women their age have a difficult time finding new sexual partners. Both the Columbian and the Dominican case studies found that unsatisfactory marriages factored in many womens decision to migrate, as it was easier for them to end the relationship after they had moved to another country (which contradicts the common assumption that the migration itself is the cause of the marital break-up) (INSTRAW, 2007). The studies have revealed the 2 dimensions of the role played by immigrant women in the economies of both their sending and their receiving societies: an active role on the labour market, sending remittances, becoming heads of household, etc. Certain academic and political circles would see to have established a link between feminization of migration, the active role of women as economic and development agents and empowerment. It is important to note that even though immigrant women participate in the economics of their countries of origin and destination, by sending large remittances and maintaining transnational households, this role as social and economic agents does not necessarily imply an increase in their status (empowerment) (Casas and Garson, 2005). As INSTRAWs (2007) (and many other) case studies show, by allowing women to become economic providers for themselves and for their transnational families, migration can increase their self-esteem, personal autonomy and status. Migrant women often measure their achievements only in terms of the benefits they are able to provide to their families and they are praised by others in similar terms. Migration can provide a vital source of income for migrant women and their families, and earn them increased autonomy, self-confidence and social status (IOM, 2008). In a study conducted by Monica Boyd entitled Women in International Migration: The Context of Exit and Entry for Empowerment and Exploitation (2006), women migrant workers who are admitted legally but temporarily, may be poorly protected by existing labor law in destination countries and they may have little recourse to state protection if abuse occurs. In countries of origin and also in countries of destination (IOM, 2008), female migrants may be victims of negative attitudes about women working at all, attitudes that affect their rights to leave the country without permission to receive further education or training and to engage in certain occupations. Globally, the International Labour Office (ILO) reports that the most frequently encountered issues regarding the working conditions of women migrant workers are low remuneration, heavy workloads with long working hours and inadequate rest periods, limited training facilities and poor career development. In some countries such workers also lack freedom of movement. Women migrant workers jobs are normally located very low on the occupational ladder and usually not, or only inadequately covered by labour legislation or other social security or welfare provisions (ILO, 1999). The broader theoretical approach to the analysis of networks as a factor behind migration now extends to the role of women in migration. A further factor that favours the increased visibility of female immigration is that migration is no longer considered to be the result of an individual decision but rather is best viewed as an integral part of family and community strategies (Stark, 1984) (Casas and Garson, 2005). Women migrate to work abroad in response to gender-specific labour demand in countries of destination that reflects existing values, norms, stereotypes and hierarchies based on gender. Thus, although laws regarding the admission of migrant workers are generally gender neutral, the demand for domestic workers, nurses, and entertainers focuses on the recruitment of migrant women. Moreover, in countries of origin as well, female labour supply is the result of gender norms and stereotypes that gear women to certain traditionally female occupations. Recruitment intermediaries, whether private or official, also contribute to reinforce gender segregation in the labour market (UN, 2004). Women have always been present in migratory flows, traditionally as spouses, daughters, or dependents of male migrants. Nowadays women are increasingly migrating as the main economic providers for their households meaning that they migrate autonomously as breadwinners a contribution that has served to increase their visibility within migratory flows (UN-INSTRAW, 2006). The global demand for migrant labour now prioritizes womens specific skills and traditional roles, such that: a) paid domestic work is increasingly performed by women who leave their own countries, communities and often their families; b) domestic service draws not only women from poor socio-economic classes but also women of relatively high status in their own countries; and c) the development of service-based economies in post-industrial nations favours the international migration of women workers. In the developed world, the combination of womens increased participation in the labour force and the failure to develop family-friendly labour policies and child, elderly, and disabled care options have lead to a strong demand for migrant women workers. Migrant women are thus a central support system for womens freedom in the developed world and they make a contribution that is under-recognized and undervalued (UN-INSTRAW, 2006). The increasing feminization of the Philippine labor export industry suggests that womens desperation to overcome the hardships brought about by worsening socioeconomic conditions in the country is the major push factor that drives them to leave, to bet on a brighter future abroad while turning almost a blind eye to the risks involved (Philippine Migrants Rights Watch, 2004). The feminization of international labor migration in the Philippines can be seen from several vantage points. For one, it can be seen as an extension of the freedom of mobility afforded Filipino women. For another, the involvement of Filipino women in international labor migration can be seen as a response to the demand for women workers in the more developed countries. The demand for women migrant workers also came at a time when the demand for male workers was slowing down in the Middle East, which was the major destination of migrant workers in the 1970s and the early 1980s. Countries of origin such as the Philippines were poised to respond to the demand for women migrant workers given the experience they had gained with large-scale overseas employment in the 1970s (Guerrero, et. al, 2001). Although women give different reasons why they consider overseas employment as a work option, these reasons invariably boil down to economic or financial considerations. Migrant workers mention the following specific or immediate reasons: to get a job, to support family needs, to send siblings and children to school, to pay for medical treatment of parents, to pay debts (Villalba, 2002). Compared to other countries of origin, the Philippines has, in fact, instituted various measures to ensure the protection of women migrant workers. Early on and several times thereafter, the government had instituted several bans on the deployment of domestic workers (1982 for Saudi Arabia, which did not push through; a general ban in 1987 and the gradual lifting of the ban as better conditions obtain in the receiving countries; ban for Singapore in 1995) and in the deployment of entertainers to Japan in 1991, in the hopes of stopping the migration of women migrant workers. Bans, as our experience showed, do not work; instead they only lead to irregular migrations, which puts women migrant workers in greater danger. Under the circumstances, the government instituted various approaches to protect women migrant workers (Guerrero, et. al, 2001). Republic Act No. 8042 (POEA, 1996) popularly known as the Migrant Workers and Overseas Filipinos Act of 1995 is an act instituting the policies of overseas employment and establish a higher standard of protection and promotion of the welfare of migrant workers, their families and overseas Filipinos in distress, and for the other purposes. Specifically, Section 2, paragraph d (Declaration of Policies) stated, The State affirms the fundamental equality before the law of women and men and the significant role of women in nation-building. Recognizing the contribution of overseas migrant women workers and their particular vulnerabilities, the State shall apply gender sensitive criteria in the formulation and implementation of policies and programs affecting migrant workers and the composition of bodies tasked for the welfare of migrant workers. In addition, Section 4 (Deployment of Migrant Workers) declared, The State shall deploy overseas Filipino workers only in countries where the rights of Filipino migrant workers are protected. The government recognizes any of the following as a guarantee on the part of the receiving country for the protection and the rights of overseas Filipino workers: a) it has existing labor and social laws protecting the rights of migrant workers; b) it is a signatory to multilateral conventions, declarations or resolutions relating to the protection of migrant workers; c) it has concluded a bilateral agreement or arrangement with the government protecting the rights of overseas Filipino workers; and d) it is taking positive, concrete measures to protect the rights of migrant worker (POEA, 1996). Implications of the Reviewed Studies and Literature to the Present Study The reviewed studies and literature were presented to support or refute the theories and concept employed in the study. Further, it is one way to appreciate the reasons behind the out-migration of women since 1980s and the risks and hardships involved. CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY Method of Research The researcher shall made use of the descriptive research. According to Calderon and Gonzales (1993), descriptive research is a purposive process of gathering, analyzing and tabulating data about prevailing conditions, practices, beliefs, processes, trends and cause-effect relationships and then making adequate and accurate interpretation about such data with or without the aid of statistical method. Population and Sampling The respondents in this study shall be the Filipino women migrant workers employed in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) as professionals and household workers among others. To determine the sample size of the population, the researcher shall employ the Slovins formula. In 2008, 24,508 women workers were deployed in KSA. Using Slovins formula, the sample size of 24,508 is 100 respondents. Alkhobar, KSA is the preferred place for the conduct of this study wherein one of the two POLOs in Saudi Arabia is located. The researcher shall made use of the Convenience Sampling in survey questionnaire in the selection of respondents and Purposive Sampling Technique in identifying the interviewees. Data Gathering Tool/s Primary and secondary instruments shall be utilized to aid the researcher in gathering data/information. A questionnaire shall be constructed that details the profile of the female migrant workers as well as the common issues and concerns encountered by Filipino women migrant workers. Webster Dictionary defines questionnaire as a set of questions for obtaining statistically useful or personal information from an individual. The questionnaire shall be presented in a question-answer format with suitable answers so that the respondents can easily indicate their response by placing a checkmark on the space corresponding to the answer. The researcher shall also conduct interviews on DOLE officials, non-government organizations, and Filipino women migrant workers here and abroad to solicit views necessary for the conduct of this study. Books and electronic data/information were also sourced out in this study. Data Gathering Procedures Questionnaires thru the assistance of POLO-Alkhobar shall be disseminated to the respondents by June until August 2009. Interviews shall follow after the result of the survey is finalized. The Philippine Overseas Employment Administration (POEA) deployment statistics shall be utilized to identify the Filipino women migrant workers deployed from 1980s to 2008. The same data shall be used to also identify the sector dominated by Filipino women mi

My Room :: Descriptive Essay Examples, narrative

My Room A secluded island with warm sandy beaches, a sunset over high cropped mountains, or the beauty and serenity of silence in a magnificent forest. A special place could as extravagant as those or as simple as your favorite cozy chair. They reach out with much more than picturesque or comfort qualities. Some of our dearest memories happen to us in these places. Maybe it is because of the comfort we find there, the connections we have that make us feel a certain way, or is it because they add to our identities. They become a vital part of who we are. We could not function properly if that place were to suddenly disappear. You are definitely more likely to go out and do something that you enjoy because you will get more out of it. We need to have happy places and joyous thoughts. Without either of them, I believe, that the world would fall apart. Everyone would become so overly stressed out that the world would be full of more violence than there is now. My room is meaningful to me because it was not always my room. It was my sisters first. Lisa is now married and pregnant. I remember all of the times that I spent in her room. How we used to play cards and watch movies on the weekends. All of our traditions. The Advent and Christmas season is when we had our most special traditions. Every Christmas Eve we would watch "It's a Wonderful Life" and "Meet me in St. Louis" before we would go to midnight mass. She would always ask me if I had a room of my own. Of course I always told her no. A few times she would try to throw me out, but it never worked. Although I annoyed her sometimes she was the one person that I could tell anything too. She listened intently to all of my stupid questions and would try her hardest to answer them. We always stuck together when trouble surfaced. I would comfort her when she had boy trouble and she made sure that I was okay when our grandparents died so closely together. I guess I love my room more now sinc e I have all of these wonderful memories in it. Boy if those walls could talk. I really miss her and the times that we shared.

Evolution of Nursing Curriculum Essay

Institute of Protestant Deaconesses – Florence Nightingale trained to be a nurse. Two years later she was appointed resident lady superintendent of a hospital for invalid women in Harley Street, London. * 1860 – By the help of wealthy friends, Nightingale used the money to fund the Nightingale School and Home for Nurses at St. Thomas Hospital. * Ursuline Sisters of Quebec first attempt to train nurses in America who taught the Indian women to care for their sick. * Dr. Valentine Seaman introduced the first regular school for nurses. * The educational endeavour of Florence Nightingale and the Civil War had focused attention in the necessity for the nurses and importance of an educational system. * 1869 – Nursing education was placed under the control of medical profession. They proposed a school for training nurses in every large hospital. * In both England and America, the need for trained nurses was so great that schools of nursing relatively grew. * Adelaide Nutting – had been a catalytic agent in the separation of schools of nursing from hospital control. * Dr. Washburn and Burlingham – advocated raising the whole standard of nursing profession in the requirements of admission and stressed the cultural values. * 1894 – Nursing leaders stressed the importance of planning the entire educational program for the student rather than for the convenience of hospital services. * 1895 – Miss Mary Agnes Snively of Toronto presented a paper that emphasized the need for uniformity of education for nursing through a uniform matriculation examination for admission, a uniform length of program nursing through a uniform length of program of nursing education. * Miss Nutting presented an electrifying report at the 1896 convention which revealed that work hours per day could total 15hrs with 105hrs weekly; one lecture per week is given. * Miss Lucy Walker, who was a Superintendent of Nurses, gave a progress report on the acceptance of lengthening the program with shortening of the workday. * The first preliminary courses varied from a few classes to a planned program of six months. It included biological and social sciences and practical work in a mannequin called Mrs. Chase. * 1908 – The board had outlined specific requirements for schools of nursing. They were required to prove two years of study in medical nursing, surgical nursing (including gynecology), obstetrical nursing, pediatrics, nutrition and cookery, drugs and solution, dietetics, instruction in contagious nursing, ethics, emergencies, mental nursing, personal hygiene, and provide clinical experience in a hospital setting. * Schools that wished to continue this practice were required to extend their course of training to three years. Training schools had to be connected to a hospital or Sanitarium having no fewer than 25 beds, with the number of beds two to four times greater than the number of students. * 1909 – Plan for a university school of nursing was presented. * A change in title from pupil nurse to student of nursing. * Central Schools – had been successful in Europe; students received class instruction at one place at a university * 1915 – Only 10 schools had fulltime instructors. Superintendent of nurses did the most teaching and doctors taught anatomy. * 1923 – Yale University of Nursing and Western Reserve University of Nursing were established. * Public health was incorporated into the curriculum. * The degree of Bachelor of Science in Nursing was given to graduates from 1926 – 1936, the degree of Masters in Nursing was awarded until it closed in 1958. * 1925 – A committee sponsored by American Nurses’ Association undertook a five-year study of nursing and nurse training. * 1949 – The state board pool for nurses provided examination for practical nurses. * The first examination for Registered Nurses was given in 1904, with a battery of test questions designed to be a ‘severe’ test of practical and theoretical knowledge. * The Board minutes that the test involved the ‘care of febrile cases, of patients before and after operation, of the mother and new-born baby in normal and abnormal obstetrical cases, of treatment of emergencies, and knowledge of drugs with regard to toxicological symptoms, and treatment after poisonous doses. Male nurses will be examined on genitor-urinary work as a substitute for obstetrical cases’. * Today, the State Board for Nursing has 23 members, consisting of 17 RNs, two LPNs, and four public members. The Board functions as an advisory group to the Board of Regents. Its stated mission is ‘to protect the public by fostering high standards of professional licensure, practice and discipline.

Annotated Bibliography On Rsa Cryptography - 1900 Words

Introduction RSA cryptography is vastly used to encrypt and decrypt message while communicating through internet and in the field of digital signature. This encryption system is used regularly in web browsers, chat applications email, vpn and any other types of communications that require securely sending data to severs or the other people.[8] RSA cryptography is an asymmetrical cryptography system. Because it have two keys. One is public another is private. The encryption key is public while the decryption key is private. So only the person with the correct decryption key can decipher the encrypted message. Everyone have their own encryption and decryption keys. The keys must be made in such a way that the decryption key may not easily†¦show more content†¦Which is by trying every possible combination. The length of the key determines the strength. DES uses a 64-bit key, but eight of those bits are used for parity checks, effectively limiting the key to 56-bits. So, it would take a maxi mum of 256 or 72,057,594,037,927,936 attempts to find the correct key. In present state, this is not safe because this amount of combination isn’t too high. Even so, up-to 1990’s mid this method was very popular and widely used. In 1998 a computer system broke this security in 56 hours which later reduced in 22 hours. So presently instead of providing compatibility in some instances, reliance on DES is a serious security problem for data confidentiality and should be avoided. As encryption strength is directly proportional to key size and 56-bit key length is not enough for present computing system so in 1997, the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) announced an initiative to choose a successor to DES, in 2001, it selected the Advanced Encryption Standard as a replacement. [1] 2. Triple DSE method was designed to take the place of Data Encryption Standard (DES) algorithm. Triple DES was the recommended standard and vastly used symmetric algorithm in the industry. This system uses three individual keys each having 56-bits. So the total key length becomes 128-bits which is more secured than normal DES system. Although slowly became out of date Triple DES still capable manages to make a dependable hardware encryptionShow MoreRelatedA Research on the Internal Control for Information Security3378 Words   |  13 Pagesï » ¿Internal Control for Information Security PLEASE PUT THE TOPIC DEFINITION STATEMENT HERE AT THE FIRST PAGE PLEASE PUT THE ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY AT THE LAST PAGE BEFORE THE REFERENCE PAGE Introduction Control is a set of mechanism that assists an organization to attain the desired objective. Control is fundamental to achieve organizational goal, and control aligns the aspiration of workforce with their capabilities. On the other hand, internal control for information security is the practice